In the course of the study, it was established that the presence of an excess of small RNA prevents the development of metastases in patients with prostate cancer, and in patients with bone metastases, tumor cells express the protein less.
Prostate cancer (PCC) is the most common malignant tumor in men, and the metastatic form of this disease is the leading cause of death in the world. At the time of writing, there was no radical treatment for metastatic RPC.
To reduce the death rate from this disease, we must focus on developing treatments that reduce the metastatic spread of RCC. In this study, we focused on reducing the spread of bone metastases, as this is the most common site of metastases and is associated with significant pain and discomfort in patients.
The researchers decided to use tiny RNAs (microRNA – miRNA) to prevent the spread of metastases from the primary tumor to the bones. RPC cell lines were transduced to overexpress miRNA-379 (miR-379). The activity of these cells was tested in vivo and in vitro using functional tests.
The results of the study showed that RPC cells overexpressing miR-379 contributed to a significant decrease in proliferation, migration, colony formation and attachment to bone cells in in vitro tests.
A possible possible mechanism was that the dysregulation of miR-379 in RPC cells affects the secretion of GDF-15 by osteoblasts, which in turn promotes the formation of bone metastases colonies.
Overexpression of miR-379 in RP3 cells in vivo also resulted in a significant reduction in the spread of bone metastases. In addition, subjects who developed bone metastases were shown to have decreased secretion of miR-379 in cancer cells.
These results support that miR-379 may be a therapeutic focus to prevent disease progression in patients with RCC.
Source:
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.1057455/full
